Drainage-tile.



ALBERT E. BEAIL, F CLINTON, IOWA, ASSIGNOR T0 VERTICAL DRAINAGE COMPANY, 0F CLINTON, IOWA.

DRAINAGE-TILE.

Specicaton of Letters Patent.

Application filed August 26, 1912. Serial No. 717,036.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, ALBERT E., BEALL, a. citizen of the United States, residing at Clinton, county of Clinton, State of Iowa, hai'e invented new and useful Improvements in Drainage-Tiles, of which the following is a specification.

It is the object of the present invention to provide means for draining water fromland through vertically arranged tiles which lead through the underlying stratum of clay, or the like, to a porous stratum of gravel through which the water can run off.

More particularly, the object of the present invention is to protect such vertically disposed tile from stoppage due to sediment and the like carried by the water, and also to protect the tile from breakage when live stock or heavy farm implements pass over the soil under which the tile is arranged.

The details of my invention will be better understood from the following description,

which isvto be taken in connection withr the accompanying drawings wherein- Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of an embodimentof the present invention, installed in the soil. Fig. 2 is a detail of the largedisk or cover which surmounts the structure. Fig. 3 is a perspective detail ofthe foundation plate whereon the heavier parts of the system are carried. Figs. 4 and 5 are details of the concentric tubular members between which the water passes in gaining access to the vertical tiling.

Fig. 1 represents somewhat diagrammatically a vertical section of a field showing the earth layer l which is to be drained with its underlying clay stratum 2, through which the water cannot readily percolate and under which clay is aY porous stratum 3 of gravel, shale, or the like, through which water can readily pass off as an underground flow. To prepare the field for the tile a round hole is dug approximately three z' feet in diameter and of convenient depth,

and at the center of this there is sunk a well slightly more than eight inches in diameter and of a depth suihcient to tap the gravel stratum below. It will be understood that i the above mentioned dimensions are typical and illustrative. Tiling of the usual construction, preferably somewhat porous and made from concrete, or from clay if desired, is lowered into the well with the several secf tions 5 placed one above another to form a continuous tube. Tiling suitable for this purpose usually comes in lengths of about twelve inches. Preferably, the tile tube thus constructed terminates substantially h'ush with the bottom of the three foot opening or well 4.

As an essential feature of the modification herein illustrated, I employ a baseplate or foundation member of the general construction illustrated in detail in Fig. 3. rlhis member is in the form of a disk 6 having' a central opening 7 with serrated edges 8 and carrying on its upper face a plurality of lugs 9, each of which has an outer shoulder and is beveled olf at the upper corner 11. This entire structure is preferably con structed of concrete, integral throughout and somewhat massive in design. l/Vhen in use the foundation member 6 of Fig. 3 is placed fiat on the bottom of the chamber 4 and in a-linement with the tile members 5 so that when an upper or surmounting tile member 12 is slipped into place it is guided and supported against lateral displacement by the upstanding lugs 9 of the foundation member. Concentric with the tile-12 is an outer housing member 13 (Fig. 4) of tubular shape, which rests on the shoulders 10 and is supported by the foundation plate wholly independent of the column of tiling which leads down to the gravel. This housing member 13 is surmounted by a disk 14 (Fig. 2), preferably of a diameter equal to that of the chamber 4 and serving as a removable cover and shield for the tubular members 12 and 13.

After the several elements have been installed as above described, the earth above lis filled in and used for agricultural purposes. All of the several parts of thisftiling structure may be of concrete or of baked clay preferably porous in structure.

Surface water, percolating through the `soil layer 1, will `reach the chamber 4 and,

by passage through the walls of the housing member 13 and under the lower edge thereof, will percolate through the tubular member 12 and also will, on occasions, flow over the top thereof descending through the tiling 5 to the gravel layer 3, thereby keeping the soil sweet and in good condition. The chamber 4 acts as a settling basin to accumulate such matter as may have been carried along by the water during its downward progress through the soil, and thereby acts to shield the tiling 5 from accumulations ing through the porous Wall Will reach the inside of the tiling Without-passingmyer its top edge.

Inasmuchasthe foundation plate 6-is supporteddirectly bythe earth and yis free to` move up and down with respect to the tilingv members 5, any undue pressure on the-*cover dislr- 1.4:, as when heavy agricultural imple` ments pass over thc soil above, will not'be transmitted to the tile column, and Will" produce nothingl more seri-ous than a slightielding or displacement of-y the foundation member 6. Bythus making the earth bear the'shock and burden from above, thefti-le column is in large measure protected from accidental breakage.k

I am aware that thefproportions and detailsof the several elements may befvaried-l in many Ways Without 'departing from the spirit of my invention as defined by theappended claims;

What I claim as newandidesire-tolsecuref by `Letters VPatent is:

l. Ina tilingfsystem, the combination of a vertically disposed tubular. member, a

foundation member encirclingf saidtubularA member and. separabletherefrom, a housing--. member carri-ed by said foundationmemberand a cover for saidfhousingfmeinber.

2. In atiling system,.the combination ofY A a tubular member leading `from a; Waterv chamberto a porousstratumbeloiv, aifoun-i dationmember resting. on..the-bottomof said chamber, a housingv member inclosing theupper end ofsaid tubularmembertol forma Water trap withV Water passages be tween f said foundation` member: `and lsaid housing member,` and-aclosure for the top of.I

said housing member.

3.; In atilingsystem, the .combination of; a

tubularv member lleading from av chamber. to;

a porous stratumbeneath; the upper .end of said; tubular member proj eeting. substane..

tially'above the bottom.of-=said chamber, a.

Copies of-'this patent may be LAobtained:-fm Aivecen-ts eachiibyladdressingitheV -fCommissioner .ofc'Patb-'ntsgfi Vand a housing memberresti'ngoiil th 'of said foundation membei-a-nd spaced fromV foundation member resting 'on the bottom of said chamber and having.iipstandin'gghigs, i

saidl,tubular member to forma Water trap from 'which the Water yfrom said chamber" thence into the porous stratum below.`

Vmay overlO'W into the tubular membeirjand j Y of a tubular member composedkofA tile sections arranged vertically one above the" other5-the upper endof said. member'projectingya ysubstantial. distance into aivjater chamber, a \'foundatioifimember encircling the upper por-tion of-saidY tubular member and having serrated inner edges :forming Water passages about said,tubularmember,

Vsaid foundation: member carryingrupstanding lugs with; shoulders, lsaid lugs serving to supportl the upperfseetionf-` of-saidfverticalv` member, a,housing-meniberanchored by said Y lugsand supported on said shouldersv and a fiat disk res-tingA onthe-upper edge of-saidii housing member and formiiigapclosure therefor, said disk Yalso servingV as aftop for saidichamber. Y

5.l Inwa deviceoffthe'character described,

a drain sunk in theground down-tofporous column around the upper end -of the drain andl fon the-base yofA ithe sustaining 1nember,

and la cover-overthe columnand 'extending`V` member.`

6. Inadeyice of the character described, a sustainingvmember.suiiklun the ground,i a

'drain throughthe sustaining Vmein-ber i andA extending down toy Water :receiving earth,l a-

hollow column setonithe sustainingmember and surrounding the .drain above Lthe 1 lsus'- column. Y Y

Iniwitness WhereofI hereunto subscribe my naine Ato/this specification=inthe presence of tvvo Witnesses.` Y

taining member( -'and-' resting @'uponfuthe Washington, D.;0. 

